Rockstar Games says they have divided the Grand Theft Auto series into three distinct universes as of yet. These universes are designed to be completely separate to each other, so that no characters or storylines can ever pass from one Universe to the next. However, there are elements (characters, places, etc.) which appear (or at least, seem to appear) in more than one universe, making Rockstar's claimed system ambiguous.
| 2D Universe | 3D Universe | HD Universe | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
A universe can be considered a completely separate 'canon' of places, people and events that exist in the same universe. Locations that appear in multiple universes are completely rebuilt, rather than just updated. A previous universe would be like a mythical universe that never really existed. However, some things do exist appear in multiple universes, including company brands, vehicles, placenames, weapons and in-series celebrities (e.g Lazlow).
Games being in the same universe means that they exist on the same planet, and theoretically characters could occur in multiple games across that universe. However, that does not mean that many characters will do so, nor that the games are similar or closely related at all.
Comparison to eras
The word era, despite having no official definiton by Rockstar Games, bears two different meanings employed by the GTA community.
Eras as periods of the history of the GTA franchise
Games taking place in the same universe (the fictional setting) are part of the same era, a generation of games starting with the beginning of a new universe. For example, GTA III, GTA Vice City and GTA San Andreas, all set in the 3D Universe, are also part of the 3D era, the period of the GTA series when most games had three-dimensional graphics and were released for 6th-generation consoles such as the PlayStation 2.
Eras as subsets of universes
In the GTA series, the eras are also the five set of games grouped according to the respective five numbered titles of the franchise, which represent significant changes in the style or "atmosphere" of the games. Games within an era are very closely related, often with many characters and storylines appearing in multiple games (and also expansions). Also, the visual style and most features are replicated within an era. In contrast, games within the same universe (but in separate eras) might be completely different and almost totally unrelated in terms of graphical style and mechanics. The futuristic GTA 2 is different from the 1960s GTA London games, even if they all purportedly take place in the same universe.
In this sense, it is possible for universes to contain more than one era. While the 3D Universe has only one era: the GTA III era, the 2D and HD universes each have two eras: GTA 1 and GTA 2 eras (in the 2D Universe) and GTA IV and GTA V eras (in the HD Universe). An era can be thought of as a group of closely-related stories (like a trilogy), told through several games within one universe. Different eras may be set in the same universe, even with a bit of crossover, but they are completely separate stories with different styles and a different feeling.
As GTA IV and GTA V are in the same HD Universe, that gives Rockstar the ability to continue some characters or even storylines into the new game, but Dan Houser has said this would only happen sparingly. GTA V is a completely separate game, with different features and a very different feeling - it is not "GTA IV: Los Santos", and is therefore not part of the GTA IV Era.
- "Dan says that no one before GTA IV will be in it – the move to HD created a schism in this fictional universe, rendering CJ, Toni and co, as mythical characters from a bygone era. But will we see stories from the previous game looping into this one? "I think that might be too mannered," says Houser. "Niko had a particular kind of story and we're trying to make this different. We might allude to things from that world, but we didn't want it to feel like, well, here's the opposite of an immigration story – we wanted a fresh take on what it means to be a criminal in this world of hyper-real Americana"."
- ―Interview with Dan Houser in The Guardian
If numbered eras are taken into consideration, the GTA franchise is divided in the following way:
- 2D Universe
- GTA 1 era: GTA 1, GTA London 1969, GTA London 1961
- GTA 2 era: GTA 2
- 3D Universe
- GTA III era: GTA III, GTA Vice City, GTA San Andreas, GTA Advance, GTA LCS, GTA VCS
- HD Universe
- GTA IV era: GTA IV, GTA Chinatown Wars, Episodes from Liberty City (The Lost and Damned, The Ballad of Gay Tony)
- GTA V era: GTA V, GTA Online
Exceptions
Cross-universe references
Although the universes are supposed to be completely apart, there are occasional references to previous universes, as well as some minor characters, places, names, etc. shared by different universes. Some of them, however, may be only internal jokes.
- Different renditions of Head Radio exist in the 2D and 3D universes. During development, the radio was planned to appear in Grand Theft Auto IV too.
- Radio Los Santos and WCTR both appear in Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas and Grand Theft Auto V.
- The restaurants Burger Shot and Cluckin' Bell, as well as the brand ECola and its lemon soda, the Sprunk, all appear in 3D and HD Universes.
- Grand Theft Auto 1 features a boss of Mexican origin named El Burro, while Grand Theft Auto III features a homonymous Puerto Rican gang leader who appears as the first phone boss. Although El Burro from GTA III does not appear physically, the game features an artwork of him, in which he looks strikingly similar to El Burro from GTA 1; plus, both are Latin American. There is also a character named El Burro in Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars, though this one's physical traits are completely different.
- There is some controversy over Claude Speed, the protagonsist of GTA 2 and Claude, the protagonist of GTA III, being or not the same person. It is generally accepted that they are not.
- Francis International Airport is the name of the airport of both 3D and HD renditions of Liberty City.
- Similarly, Liberty Tree is a newspaper in both versions of Liberty City.
- An easter egg in GTA IV shows a Liberty Tree headline reading: "Love's hate relationship with taxes", next to a picture of Donald Love, a 3D-Universe character.
- Lazlow Jones, a fictional character based on a real life talk-show host with the same name (voiced by himself) and Fernando Martinez, a Latin American radio person, are the only characters whose voices appear in almost all games of 3D and HD eras (Lazlow also appears physically in Grand Theft Auto V).
- Reed Tucker's voice can be heard on radios in GTA III, GTA San Andreas and GTA V. He is also mentioned in GTA IV.
- Grand Theft Auto V makes several references to the plot of Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. The maps of both games feature a gang-controlled cul-de-sac named Grove Street, which looks very alike in its two versions. In GTA San Andreas it is controlled by the player-allied gang, Grove Street Families (iconic for its green colors), whose main enemies are the Ballas (who use purple colors). In GTA V, a reincarnation of the Ballas has control over Grove Street while a green-wearing gang named The Families is their arch enemy and the player-allied gang.
- Misty, a minor character and promotional icon of GTA III, is possibly mentioned in GTA V's Self Radio.
- The band Love Fist, which appears in GTA Vice City, is mentioned in GTA IV and one of its members, Willy, appears in a GTA V mission in which he can be optionally killed.
- 3D-Universe actor Jack Howitzer is also featured and mentioned in GTA IV and GTA V.
- Stuntman Jock Cranley appears in GTA Vice City Stories and GTA V.
- The founder of the Epsilon Program, Cris Formage, is heard in the radio in GTA San Andreas and appears physically in GTA V.
- Several 3D-Universe celebrities and radio hosts, like Kent Paul, James Pedeaston and Marvin Trill, are featured in the Vinewood Walk of Fame. They might be counterparts from the past eras or just easter eggs.
- It is possible that the characters, brands and personalities that appear in both universes might be counterparts (i.e., the Lazlow of the HD era might not be the same featured in Chatterbox FM or V-Rock, neither HD-Universe Love Fist ever met a man named Tommy Vercetti).
References to the real word
- The song Grand Theft Auto, which can be heard on the radios N-CT FM in GTA 1 and Lips 106 in GTA III, references the NYPD and LAPD, respectively the police departments of New York City and Los Angeles.
- References to Miami in the 3D Universe raises doubts about its existence, especially in relation to Vice City, the playable city based on it. A Francis International Airport outdoor near the Shoreside Lift Bridge in Staunton Island reads "See you in Miami" (seen on right), and Ray Machowski's last words sent to Claude on his beeper were also "See you in Miami".
